Renovascular hypertension is the most common type of secondary hypertension and is estimated to have a prevalence between 0.5% and 5% of the general hypertensive population, and an even higher prevalence among patients with severe hypertension and end-stage renal disease, approaching 25% in elderly dialysis patients.
Renovascular hypertension is a potentially curable cause of hypertension and major advances in vascular imaging has led to early and easy noninvasive identification of vascular lesions.
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and fibromuscular dysplasia are the major causes of renovascular hypertension but a variety of other causes including arterial dissection, stent occlusion, and embolic disease can produce the same syndrome.
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is considered the most common cause of renal arterial compromise accounting for 70-90% of cases of renal artery stenosis. Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis usually involves the ostium or proximal renal arteries. It is more common in older patients.
Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) on the other hand is not as common as ARAS and accounts for 10-30% cases. It is more common in young women.
Major cause of Renovascular Hypertension
