Endocrine conditions as a cause of secondary hypertension comprise 5%–10% of all patients with hypertension. Endocrine hypertension typically is referred to disorders of the adrenal gland.
It can be caused when glands produce too much or not enough hormone, or when they are affected by various diseases.
Although this form of hypertension is rare, identification and treatment of the underlying cause, might lead to the cure or significant improvement of the hypertension, thereby decreasing the cardiovascular risk and morbidities associated with hypertension.
There are at least 14 endocrine disorders in which hypertension may be the initial clinical presentation.
The endocrine conditions causing secondary hypertension are primary aldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, Cushing’s syndrome, acromegaly, hyperparathyroidism, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and renin-secreting tumors.
Primary Aldosteronism are most common form of endocrine hypertension, primary aldosteronism affects an estimated 5 percent to 10 percent of all patients with hypertension and is often under diagnosed. Excessive aldosterone production by the adrenal glands leads to fluid retention, loss of potassium and hypertension. If untreated, hyperaldosteronism may cause an enlarged heart.
Hypertension due to hormonal problem
