Health benefits of regular exercise

In aging and disease inactivity is associated with physical and functional decline. Regular exercise helps to prevent disease, to treat chronic diseases and to maintain functional capacity.

Thirty minutes of physical exercise most days of the week can make a difference. An exercise program can benefit people of all ages, even older people. There is good evidence that people who take regular exercise are healthier and have lower blood pressures than those who take none.

High blood pressure is the leading preventable cause of disease-specific death in women, the leading preventable cause of death in men due to cardiovascular disease and the second leading cause of disease-specific death among men and women combined.

There is evidence that regular exercise decreases coronary heart disease in normotensive and hypertensive people. This may be partly because they are thinner and tend to have more sensible dietary, drinking and smoking habits.

Recently, a study of the affects of different levels of exercise lowers blood pressure independently from any other dietary manoeuvres.

Among disease related to or caused by a sedentary lifestyle or insufficient activity and lack of regular exercise: arthritis, cardiovascular disease, depression, diabetes, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, mental health, obesity, osteoporosis, some form of cancer, stroke etc.
Health benefits of regular exercise

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)-Renal Parenchymal Hypertension

Renal diseases produce hypertension in two ways:
*inability to excrete sodium and fluid leading to volume expansion
*altered secretion of rennin angiotensin with change in vascular tone

Renal hypertension is further divided into renovascular hypertension and renal parenchymal hypertension.

CKD or renal parenchymal disease is the most common form of secondary hypertension. Hypertension occurs in more than 80% of patients with chronic renal failure and is a major factor causing their increased CV morbidity and mortality seen in CKD.

Parenchymal disease ultimately decreases the glomerular filtration rate and thereby increases blood pressure by hindering the excretion of salt and excess fluid.

In patients with mild or moderate renal insufficiency, stringent blood pressure control is imperative to reduce the progression to end-stage renal disease and to reduce the excessive CV risk associated with CKD.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)-Renal Parenchymal Hypertension

Hypertension and Calcium linked

Hypertension and Calcium linked
The high incidence of osteoporosis among the elderly, particularly women, has implicated a need for generous calcium intakes throughout life. Now another disease, hypertension, which affects as many as 58 million Americans and is particularly prevalent among the elderly, is being linked by some researchers to an inadequate intake of calcium.

Hypertension is an increase in vascular resistance most often due to a decreased luminal diameter of the arteries or arterioles. This decrease in luminal diameters is caused by excessive shortening of the vascular smooth muscle actomyosin; the initiator for the contraction (or shortening) is intracellular calcium. At first glance it seems quite incongruous that a deficiency of dietary calcium could be a cause of hypertension.

Many researches attempt to link hypertension to dietary factors and to treat the disorder by dietary manipulations. Dietary factors which have been investigated in relation to hypertension include, in addition to sodium and protein, total calories, fats, alcohol, chloride, potassium, magnesium, and calcium. Intensive research concerning the role of sodium in the development or treatment of hypertension has been particularly fruitful because through establishing the fact that certain populations of hypertensives (approximately 30% to 50%) are much more sensitive to an excess of sodium than others, it has strongly suggested that hypertension is a heterogeneous disease, having a variety precipitating factors.
Hypertension and Calcium linked